📅 Today in HistorySeptember 24

The Second Council of Nicaea begins at the Church of Holy Wisdom in the city of Nicaea in Bithynia.

Spanish naval forces defeat an English fleet, under the command of John Hawkins, at the Battle of San Juan de Ulúa near Veracruz.

The Battle of Rowton Heath in England occurs, ending in a Parliamentarian victory over a Royalist army commanded in person by King Charles I.

Second Tantrik Coronation of Shivaji.

The United States Congress passes the Judiciary Act, creating the office of the Attorney General and federal judiciary system and ordering the composition of the Supreme Court.

A revolutionary committee of notables forms the Provisional Government of Belgium.

The Sultanate of Brunei cedes Sarawak to James Brooke.

Mexican-American War: General Zachary Taylor captures Monterrey.

The first powered, passenger-carrying airship, the Giffard dirigible, travels 17 miles (27 km) from Paris to Trappes.

Admiral Despointes formally takes possession of New Caledonia in the name of France.